glazing firms don't have the greatest reputation at the best of times. Following on from our Top 10 tips for choosing double glazing here are a few ways you can avoid having your fingers burned. 1. Go by word of mouth. Friends, relatives, neighbours — all are good sources for recommendations. If you're still stuck, an established firm with a good local presence is probably your best bet. 2. Ask for a contract. A scribbled, handwritten note isn't enough, so make sure it's on headed paper and that you keep multiple copies. 3. Don't be pressured. If you're getting an aggressive sales pitch, the chances are the company isn't that concerned with its levels of service. Politely and firmly say 'No...
Indian pottery, like that made by Tarahumara and Tigua Indians, is hand made using rough white, orange and brown clay found in the earth. The earthen clay is not only very durable but is also what gives the pottery that popular rustic look. The knowledge of pottery making has been passed down throughout the generations and is still made the same way as it has been for hundreds of years. If you are like me and love Native American pottery, you will definitely like holding a piece of this unique art in your hands, imagining the work that goes into creating such unique pottery. If you are thinking about collecting Indian pottery, you will find many types and might even discover some that you never knew...
The Culprits of Rising Western Apparel Prices
The last decade of lower prices in textiles was mostly due to the large quantity of exports on the international market, coming mostly from developing economies. Exports from countries such as China and India were mainly responsible keeping the prices of textiles low. From the late 1990s till 2007, China doubled its market share in terms of clothing imported by the US to more than 16 percent. However, as commodity prices are on the rise all over the world, the era of cheaper apparel prices may have come to an end. Energy prices, the price of crude oil and stable foods have increased at an unprecedented rate over the last year. To the dismay of many people around the world, this is no sign that this...
Chongqing, western apparel headquarters center...
"Chongqing has a very good market, should be the apparel industry in the western region headquarters in center." This is the recently held China's garment industry (Chongqing) seminar, experts on how to undertake coastal Chongqing clothing "East Service West" presented recommendations. Headquarters in the center, including the meaning of what? China National Garment Association Executive Vice President Jiang Hengjie that Chongqing should be a design center in Western clothing production, marketing center and distribution center. He suggested that, in Chongqing in the garment industry to undertake the transfer process along the coast, we should pay attention to garment industry chain planning, should...
t"> Obtain insurance for your business. To cover your business, acquire the general liability and workmen's compensation insurance. You can flourish your business by providing products that you acquire through a wholesale supplier. Wholesale suppliers who can help you drop ship the products directly to your clients, shall be a great asset to your business. Wholesale suppliers can prove to be a chief factor responsible for the success of your business. By drop shipping the product, the waiting time for the delivery of the product can be reduced. You can also save money on the storage of the inventory. Once you have started your decorating business you shall have to continue to gain knowledge...
> The name Texas evokes the idea of tight leather pants wearing cowboys walking in and out of ranches. That is not all though when it comes to visiting Texas. It is the second largest state in the United States of America and comes second only to Alask.. The name Texas evokes the idea of tight leather pants wearing cowboys walking in and out of ranches. That is not all though when it comes to visiting Texas. It is the second largest state in the United States of America and comes second only to Alaska. Unlike the largest state, the climate in Texas varies from east Texas with arid and hot weather to the west where the climate is humid. Tourism along with banking, farming...
Palaeolithic people led an unsettled life; this nomadic society of hunters and gatherers has little control over their food supply. Beginning around 8000 B.C. however, people began to grow their own food, raise their own animals, and organise into permanent communities. Although, like their Palaeolithic predecessors, the Neolithic people (from neos, meaning "new" in Greek) used stone to make basic weapons and tolls, organised agriculture and animal husbandry left more time and labour for other activities, including the production of clay vessels. Since their size and weight made them difficult to carry, clay vessels are characteristic of stationary communities. Neolithic villages made their first...
Western Paintings - Monochrome Painting - A...
Monochrome Painting - The History The Contemporary Art form Monochrome Painting, as the name suggests, employs single color. The tonality and the expressivity of a single texture characterize this art form. Monochrome Painting originated as an art movement in the late 19th century, gaining further momentum during the World War I, when Dada (or Neo-Dada) activist group rejected the traditional aesthetics in art forms. Few famous examples of its whimsical nature in that period are a blank canvas titled 'A White Cow in a Snowstorm,' and an all black painting called 'Negroes Fighting in a Cellar at Night.' Monochrome Painting was established as a 'Meditative Art' in the 20th century with the illusionist...
Western Painting - Romanticism - Creatively Human!
Romanticism - The History The era of Romanticism in art lasted for about half a century, spanning late eighteenth century to the mid nineteenth century. At this time, industrialization was taking roots and had become all-pervasive shaping the socio-political scene as well. In a way, the Romantics revolted against the scientific treatment of every aspect of life. They argued that science is such a bare realistic way of looking at things that steals away the beauty of living. Romanticism was characterized by a strong emotional undertone in all the creations, where the emphasis was more on the Symbolic representation of moods. The Masterpieces Romanticism broke free from the artistic stereotypes of its...
Spray Painting - The Concept Spray Painting (also known as Aerosolgrafia or Sadotgrafia) is a style of painting involving the spraying of paints to create an art piece. Done traditionally on poster board, this art form can be performed technically on any non-porous material, like wood, ceramic, metal, glass, or plastic. The History In 1980, Ruben Sadot Fernandez originated the art in the Mexico City. Ruben was a writer, painter, and poet inspired by the American roll and rock music, beat poetry, and graffiti art. He started his paintings in the front of his studio. Later, in 1982, he moved on to the streets of La Zona Rosa to attract more people towards his art. He would paint human faces, figures...
Western Painting - Vorticism - Defiantly...
Vorticism - The History Vorticism was a prominent British art movement, witnessed during the early 20th century, 1912-15, to be specific. It was perhaps the only British art movement devoted to Abstract Art and for that reason; the conservative British society never really accepted it. Vorticism presented Futuristic themes in Cubist style and therefore, it was also known as Cubo-Futurism. American poet Erza Pound is mostly credited to have coined the term Vorticism in 1914. She felt that Vorticist compositions drew attentions to a central focal point, the vortex, and so the name. It is largely believed that English author and painter Percy Wyndham Lewis (1882-1957) was the founder of Vorticism, but...
Western Painting - Late Modernism - A Post War...
Late Modernism - The Concept The years during which Late Modernism was effective, spanned between the period after World War II and the early twenty-first century. This form of art was said to be a reaction against radicalism and an experimentalism of the Modern Art. However, the opinion remains divided on the 'individuality' of Late Modernism, which retains the conceptual identity of Modernism and is only a phase in the broader eon of Modern Art, as believed by some schools of thought. Another closely related term is Post Modernism, which arguably rests on the premise that art cannot be innovative or forward-looking as opposed to Modernism. Nevertheless, the boundaries remain blurred. The Details...
Western Painting - Bay Area Figurative Movement...
Bay Area Figurative Movement - The Concept Bay Area Figurative Painting was a variation, which a handful of Abstract artists in the San Francisco Bay Area exhibited. They embraced the impetuosity of Abstract Expressionism, replacing the redundant abstraction for figurative human images. Initiated to stage an individual and dramatic defection from the established technique of Abstract Expressionism, this new approach of intentionally raw figuration during mid-twentieth century, shaped a new art form called the Bay Area Figurative Movement, also famous as Bay Area Figurative School, Bay Area Figurative Art, and Bay Area Figuration. The History About 60 years ago, in 1950s, an artistic earthquake shook...
Orphism -- The History The word 'Orphism' belongs to the ancient Greek Mythology, referencing the poet and musician Orpheus. Poet Guillaume Apollinaire tossed this term 'Orphism' in 1912 to eulogize the works of painter Robert Delaunay (1885-1941). Robert Delaunay was a Cubism inspired painter, whose colorful works were also called Orphic Cubism. Delaunay started a new genre of painting, wanting it to appeal to the human senses. The style was a pattern of overlapping contrast colors. The sole idea of Orphism was to submerge the concept of music with colors. Orphic Artists The pattern of submergence in Orphism attracted many painters of that time, such as Sonia Delaunay, Robert Delaunay's wife...
Western Painting - Postmodernism - History and...
Postmodernism - The History The term 'Postmodernism' is often curtailed as 'Pomo.' The movement signifies 'after the Modernist Movement.' According to Merriam- Webster, the word 'Postmodernism' agnates to something related to the present. The historical era of Postmodernism followed Modernism. According to Jameson, people were aware of the history only via theoretical and narrative stories. The artists from the Postmodernist era embarked to illustrate the history in small fortuitous and interesting referents. Therefore, Postmodernism engendered history more interestingly. This movement annihilated the difference in between art, media, and culture. The Postmodernists, in the later phase of the...
Western Painting - American Figurative...
American Figurative Expressionism - The History Expressionism is a subjective art form, where the artists distort the reality to bring out their emotional angst. This was not a movement in history with a distinctive start and end, but a mannerism, where sporadic creativity results, often without a pre-conceived subject or imagery. During 1950s, when Abstract Expressionism was prevalent in America, few artists returned to figurative imagery. This was the beginning of Figurative Expressionism, when artists used their existing Abstract ways to add figures to their paintings. This movement took centre stage in the art history post World War II. The Details Owing to its opposition to Impressionism...
Western Painting - Romantic Realism - The...
Romantic Realism - The Concept Romantic Realism is a relatively new style of painting, which beautifully blends the underlying philosophies of the Romanticism and the Realism. Realism was a French art movement of 1850s, where the artists believed in the near to actual representation of scenes and subjects. In effect, Realism disregarded its predecessor styles of 'idealism' and ornate portrayals, like Renaissance and Baroque. Romanticism, on the other hand, detested the idea of 'mechanical' art that concentrated on the functions of time and space, limiting the scope of creativity altogether. This genre was prevalent in the 18th century, and was the predecessor of Realism. The Correlations...
Retablo - The Concept Retablo or Lamina, literally meaning 'behind the altar,' is a type of Latin American devotional painting or Folk Art, with its images derived from those of conventional Catholic Church Art. It is parallel form of English Reredos (decoration behind the church altar) and French Retable (altar-edge or shelf). In Spanish, Retablo means a painting or sculpture rising from behind the altar of a church. The History Retablo originated in the Europe and proliferated up to Peru. Initially, before coming to Peru, Christian soldiers used it. As they were away from their home churches, they would carry small portable box-altars for worship for their protection from enemies. Then, in the...
Western Painting - Neo - Dadaism - Dadaism...
Neo-Dadaism - The Concept Neo-Dada is the term given to the mid 20th century, 1958 to be specific, art movement, including Fine Arts, literature, theatre, and graphic design, which was similar to the earlier Dada artworks. This genre challenged the concept of 'Aestheticism' associated with the traditional form of art and extended the boundaries of the category arts. The History In 1960, American art historian & critic Barbara Rose (born 1938) helped promote the term 'Neo-Dada.' The same year, another American art critic Irvin Sandler (born 1925) explained the term as "an avant-garde fad." Two years later, Neo dada was considered the most popular and talked about art movement. An alternate name...
Western Painting - Classical Realism - American...
Classical Realism - The History Classical Realism was a sensational American art movement of the late 20th century. This art style reigns supreme in its beauty and elegance amongst its western contemporaries. The term 'Classical Realism' was first used in 1982, by Richard Lack to label a traveling exhibition, which he put together along with the pupils of his studio-school Atelier Lack. The first venue for this exhibition was at Springville Museum, Utah. Richard Lack was a student of the great Boston Impressionists R.H. Ives Gammel. He trained a considerable group of young painters at his Atelier. He formed The American Society of Classical Realism in 1989, where he, his students, and other art...
Color Field Painting - The History Color Field painting was a very popular form of Abstract Art of the mid-twentieth century. It was a pioneering style of some lead Abstract Expressionists of New York, who found their motivation in European Modernism. The Intricacies Like most of the abstract style, Color Field does not put a primer on the techniques of painting. As a result, it is distinguished by a highly simplistic color scheme, which does not make use of any sketching or gray-scale painting base. Color Field is a flat design of bold colors, as streaks, bands, continuous brushwork, or uniform color canvas. The emphasis here is on the color harmony, such that the qualities of individual colors are...
Western Painting - Precisionism - The Timeline...
Precisionism - The History Precisionism (also known as Cubist Realism) was an American style of painting that developed around 1920 post World War I. It reached its crescendo during the Inter-war phase. Precisionism focused on industrial subjects. The paintings had a very smooth and precise technique, sharply delineated colors, and geometrical forms. Precisionists were never properly structured as a group; instead, they were connected through their painting styles and subjects. Precisionism was also influenced by the works of the American Photographers like Paul Strand (1890-1976), who used sharp focus & lighting, unpredicted cropping & viewpoint, and had a bent towards the abstract form of...
Western Painting - Russian Futurism - Russia's...
The Concept Russian Futurism was an artistic movement in the fields of literature and Visual Arts that hit Russia in the early 20th century. Russian Futurism took its cues from the famous manifesto published by an Italian poet Fillip Marinetti (1876-1944) on the front page of the February 20, 1909, issue of the French daily newspaper Le Figaro. Inspired by this manifesto, a group of Russian poets and artists formally adopted the ideology of Marinetti's manifesto in December 1912, under the leadership of Ukrainian artist David Burlyuk (1882-1967). In comparison to its Western counterpart, Russian Futurism is an esoteric and little-known trend. However, it was an enormously momentous movement in...
Western Painting - Figurative Art -...
Figurative Art - The Concept Figurative Art or Figurativism refers to representational art, including the depiction of human or animal figures. More appropriately, Figurativism is an art form that represents a real world image. The Details From ancient times to the modern day art, human figures have been an intriguing factor and the subject of artists the world over. Whether it is curvaceous female figures or muscular male structure, the human body is one of the most exploited areas in painting. The fact takes an interesting note especially because a human body is as obscure as obvious. Touching a demanding scale, there is very little or almost no scope for errors in Figurative Art. The...
Western Painting - Post-Painterly Abstraction:...
Post-Painterly Abstraction - The Concept Western American Painting done in 1950s was also called as Post-Painterly Abstraction. 'Post-Painterly Abstraction' is a popular term, the famous art critic Clement Greenberg created, as a fitting title for an art exhibition in the year 1964. The associated painters exploited the physical openness of design, in coherence with 'unmodulated' colors. The Correlations Post-Painterly Abstraction penetrated the Hard Edge and Color Field Painting figments of Abstract Art. These works, when flavored with Hard Edge Paintings, carried sharp contours, accentuated further with flat colors. Such artistic paintings were encouraged under Abstract Expressionism. Leading art...
Western Painting - Socialist Realism -...
Socialist Realism - The History As the name connotes, Socialist Realism in art was designed to acclaim the Communist leaders. It originated in the Communist United States of Soviet Russia around the 1930s. After the Second World War ended in 1945, this art began taking roots in other Communist nations like China. Socialist Realism was similar to the French art movement of 1850s in its representation of forms and the treatment of space. However, unlike Realism, it was limited in the terms of themes and experimentation with subjects. It suppressed creativity and freedom of expression, and was later criticized as a 'forced' art. Socialist Realism came into being in the regime of Joseph Stalin, through...
Western Painting - Concretism - A Defined Shape...
Concretism - The History Concretism Art Movement evolved in Europe during the early 20th century. The term 'Concrete Art' was introduced in the first and the last issue of the magazine Art Concrete released in 1930, in Paris. It contained a manifesto called The Basis of Concrete Art, written by the Dutch painter Theos Van Doesburg. Theos was best known as the founder of De Stijl, a Dutch Art Movement, mostly involving the use of simple abstracts. He described Concrete Art as an art style, free of Symbolism or Realism. Swiss painter Max Bill and Van Doesburg were the ardent followers of Concretism, and worked their entire lives to promote it. Max Bill organized the very first international exhibition...
Western Painting - Nouveau Realisme - A...
Nouveau Realisme - The Concept Hooped mutually in 1960 with the signing of a never-before manifesto, promising French avant-garde artists dreamed to conceptually face-lift the existing artistic forms. As a medium, they selected abstraction, betraying the preconception of art, popular during the period. In an effort to confront reality, Nouveaux Realists focused on the human body and day-to-day commodities, displaying them into conglomerations, producing action-spectacles and confusing intricacies, and even destructing them. The History This French art movement transformed everyday objects and debris into art, on the belief that the existing painting was incapable of conveying the reality of the post...
Western Painting - Funk Art - An American...
Funk Art - The Concept & the History Inspired by the contemporary trends, fashion, and lifestyle, Funk Art became one of the most unconventional forms of the Modern Art in the late 1950s through 1970s. Originated in California, this art style remained active mainly in the United States. Funk Art represented an eclectic mix of elements, including discarded & junk matter, torn pieces of fabric, old furniture, and photographs. US Funk artist Edward Kienholz described these elements as 'the leftovers of human experience.' Similarly, Funk had varying manifestations in the form of paintings, sculptures, and assemblages. It derived its name from the musical genre, 'funky.' The term 'funky' means...
Impasto - The Concept The Italian term 'Impasto' refers to a painting technique, in which thick textured paint is applied on canvas to get a three dimensional appearance of the picture being created. The style often leaves visible brush or knife strokes on the finished work, with a distinguished raised surface visible from the side. Heavy Impasto may even have shadows underneath the paint. The Details Of course, Impasto is all about using more than the standard required quantity of paint on the canvas. Instead of scrubbing the paint to blend wet colors, artists use minimal strokes to let it sit on canvas. Once the thick layer dries, the additional layers of paint are applied to add to the thickness...
Lowbrow - The Concept Lowbrow, also referred as Pop Surrealism, originated from different underground or populist art forms, such as tattoos, comic, street culture, punk music, and other California subcultures. A significant part of contribution in Lowbrow was in form of paintings, while its other formats being toys, digital art, and sculpture. The History Lowbrow started in Los Angeles, California, as an underground Visual Art movement in the late 1970s. Underground artists Robert Williams (born 1943) and Gary Panter (born 1950) are credited as its pioneers. Initially, lesser-known galleries in Los Angeles and New York would organize the Lowbrow shows. Soon many artists adopted this form of art. A...
Pluralism - The Concept Pluralism is a general term, denoting the variety of accepted points of view or conventions, related to a subject or a period. Pluralism, in painting, implies an eon on art scene, which is not specifically identified by a particular genus. The earlier eras in painting have been characterized by some underlying philosophies, where one artistic mode followed the other, in succession. For instance, Medieval Painting was succeeded by Renaissance and Baroque Painting styles, in series. Similarly, Post-Impressionism followed Impressionism, and so on. However, the twenty-first century art is distinct, owing to the openness of form and style, so much so that various genres coexist on...
Western Painting - Spatialism - A Non-Digital...
Spatialism - The History In 1946, famous Argentinean sculptor and painter Lucio Fontana (1899-1968), came up with a novel art style, called Spatialism or Movimento Spaziale. This art movement was a contemporary to the Abstract Expressionism of the United States. The philosophy behind Spatialism was dispelled through its manifesto titled 'Manifesto Blanco,' which discussed the need for a distinctive 'spatial' form of art to capture the spirit of the post-war era. The Correleations Three art movements - Dadaism, Tachism, and Concrete Art - had a defining influence over Spatialism. Dadaism consciously ignored the 'aesthetics' in Fine Arts to bring out revolutionary compositions. Tachisme was often...
Western Painting - Action Painting - An...
Action Painting - The Concept and History Action Painting is a form of Abstract Art from the United States that came into existence around the 1940s. Also referred to as 'Gestural Abstraction,' the style relies heavily on the unencumbered movement of a wide range of colors, on the base. There are various ways to achieve it - by dripping, by staining, by overlaying, or by splashing colors on the canvas to produce an effect of 'spontaneity.' art critic Harold Rosenberg coined the term 'Action Painting' to describe the newly developed style of the leading Abstract Expressionists Jackson Pollock (American - 1912-56) and Willem De Kooning (Dutch - 1904-97). The two went on to become the torchbearers of...
Seven Great Dallas Cowboy Quarterback Facts...
When it comes to high profile jobs in the NFL, there are few more impressive than the quarterback of the Dallas Cowboys. Over the years, some great players have played for the team at that position. Many have led the team deep into the playoffs, even as far as a Super Bowl victory, many others though are not nearly as famous. Here is a look at seven interesting facts about the quarterbacks of America's Team. - Eddie LeBaron and Danny White are tied for the most interceptions thrown in one season by a Dallas Cowboys quarterback. In 1960, the team's first season in the league, LeBaron threw 25 interceptions. White tied that mark in 1980, his first year as the full time starter after Roger Staubach...
Western Painting - French Baroque - A Counter...
French Baroque - The History The art and architecture style prevalent in Europe from late 16th century to early 18th century is known as Baroque artistic style. Its widespread popularity is closely associated with Roman Catholic Revival. As opposed to the sobriety of Renaissance Art, this art form used intense colors, lubricious lines to depict the scenarios full of drama and action. These paintings were simple and obvious, having direct appeal on the emotions of the observer. This was greatly encouraged by Catholic Church to connect art to illiterate common person, contrary to the Mannerism of the 16th century, meant only for the intellectual and the well-versed section of people. Due to its stark...
Western Art - Chubb Illusion - Another Enormity...
Chubb Illusion - The Concept In the year 1989, the Professor of Cognitive Sciences at the University of California, Charlie Chubb and his colleagues discovered a visual phenomenon, where the contrast of an object appears dramatically different when viewed in varying contexts. This anomaly came to be known as Chubb Illusion. According to the theory, a low-contrast design appears higher in contrast when surrounded by a uniform color field. However, when the same design is viewed against a high-contrast field, it appears comparatively lower in contrast. The Experiment To demonstrate the variation of an illuminant stimulus, as a function of its context, the target pattern was embedded in a texture with...
Western Art - Appropriation Art - Manipulating...
Appropriation Art - The Concept Appropriation Art refers to the works or concepts, lifted or directly referenced from 'visual' historical, commercial, pop culture, or art from other sources, without the permission of the original artists. The History The practice of Appropriation Art can be traced back to the Cubist collages and artworks of Pablo Picasso (Spanish - 1881-1973) and Georges Braque (French - 1882-1963) from 1912 onwards. In 1917, French-American artist Marcel Duchamp (1887-1968) further developed Appropriation Art and gave the concept of readymade. Today, it stands as a mighty field with several artists associated with it, despite the copyright controversy it faces from time to time...
Western Art - the Heidelberg School of Painting...
Heidelberg School - The Concept The Heidelberg School of Painting was the first major artistic movement in Australia dominant during the late nineteenth to early twentieth century. Impressionist in style, the genre made a remarkable impact on the overall Australian Art history, landscape & countryside painting in particular. The History The Heidelberg School originated in July 1891, with the art critic Sidney Dickinson's (US, 1890-1980) review of the works by Arthur Streeton (Australian, 1867-1943) and Walter Withers (Australian, 1854-1914). Sidney observed that the artists painting in the Heidelberg area were inspired by its landscapes and the impact of natural light on them. Since then, The...
Western Art - Dusseldorf School of Painting -...
Dusseldorf School of Painting In 1762, Lambert Krahe started the Düsseldorf School of Painting, Germany, today better known as the Düsseldorf State Art Academy, as a drawing school. In 1773, Elector Palatine Carl Theodore (1742-77) renamed it as the Electoral College of Painting, Sculpture and Architecture. In 1819, the Prussian Government named the school as the Royal Arts Academy of Düsseldorf. German painter Peter von Cornelius (1784-1867) was the first director of the Düsseldorf School. The Evolution By mid 19th century, the Düsseldorf School of Painting established as one of the most commendable places to study art, a position the Dresden Academy held earlier. This can...
Plop Art - The Concept Plop Art is a negative term, used to describe Public Art from different genres, like Abstraction, Modernism, or Contemporary Artworks, mostly sculptures, created in the front of office buildings, corporate plazas, parks, and other public venues. The masses did not appreciate Plop Artworks, as they were considered unattractive or unsuitable for their installation places or the related surroundings. Plop Art - The History Alexander Calder's (American - 1898-1976) sculpture 'La Grande Vitesse' set up in Grand Rapids, Michigan, in 1966, is considered as the turning point in the art history. It got a great response and created a huge impact on the city's urban renewal process...
Western Art - Constructivism - Integrating Art...
Constructivism - The Concept Constructivism is an art style, reflecting optimism. It is focused on art as a medium of social purpose. Artists working on this style were not impressed by abstract ideas. On the contrary, they made efforts through their creativity to portray concrete concepts. Graham Potter has defined Constructivism as a "type of totally abstract (non-representational) relief construction, sculpture, kinetics and painting. The work is ordered and often minimal, geometric, spatial, architectonic and experimental in the use of industrial material." Origin and Spread Constructivism originated in the Soviet Union and was not a wholly artistic movement. Overall, the term Constructivism...
Western Art - German Romanticism - A Route to...
German Romanticism - The History Towards the end of the 18th century, Europe saw major political, social, and cultural changes, brought about by the Industrial Revolution. Logic and science were given precedence over emotion or faith. As a direct reaction to the Enlightenment Era, a highly complex and intellectual artistic movement called Romanticism started to gain prominence. German Romanticism was a dominant part of this art movement that lasted from late 18th to early 19th century. It hugely influenced the literary arts and sciences of Germany and helped bring the Germans together, as a country. The Details German Romantic Art can be categorized as a revolutionary, free spirited, and intensely...
Western Art - Multistable Perception - When...
Multistable Perception - The Concept In broad terms, Multistable Perception is a phenomenon, where more than one perception is created by using an ambiguous stimulus. Commonly associated with visual, the perception can also be in the terms of sound and smell. In the visual domain, an object, picture, or pattern is created in such a way that its structure can be viewed in many ways. The equivocal designs make it difficult for the brain to fixate on the interpretation of a unique structure, due to conflicting sensory signals it receives. Consequently, it keeps switching between the alternative stable views, making the interchange a dynamic process. The Details Some of the examples of patterns...
Western Art - Impossible Object - An Optical...
Impossible Objects - The Concept Impossible Object, also known as an 'Impossible Figure' or an 'Undecidable Figure,' is a two-dimensional drawing that creates an illusion of an 'actually non-existent' three-dimensional figure. While in most cases, the impossibility becomes apparent on viewing the figure for a few seconds, However, the geometry of complex Impossible Objects has to be carefully examined to realize their illusionary effect. The concept holds special relevance in the fields of psychology, mathematics, and art. The Artists & the Artworks Oscar Reutersvard (Sweden, 1915-2002) is known as 'the father of impossible figures,' for designing the first Impossible Object, an impossible...
Western Art - Macchiaioli - The Italian Lovers...
Macchiaioli - The Concept Macchiaioli, a group of Italian painters from Tuscany, was active in during 1850s-1900. They painted outdoor views to portray natural light, shades, and colors. These Tuscan artists were the predecessors of the early Renaissance painters and in many ways were the direct descendants of the Impressionists. The History 1848 saw the growth of a creative movement in France, originated by a group of revolutionary artists. During 1850s, they met at a cafe named Michelangioli, in Florence, to discuss art and politics. Some strong works of veteran painters and the paintings of their French contemporaries from the Barbizon School particularly inspired them. The key features of this...
Western Art - Shaped Canvas - The Fundamentals...
Shaped Canvas - The Concept and History Conventionally, most of painting canvasses are rectangular and are used with landscape or portrait orientation. By the 1930s, apart from the styles of painting, the artists began experimenting with the shapes and forms of the canvas bases. All this started in 1934-35 when Abraham Joel Tobias (born, 1913) exhibited his pioneering body of works, known as 'Sculptural Paintings.' The paintings were executed on canvasses of different shapes and sizes, mounted on complex design frames to achieve desired results. However, shaped canvas painting has ancient roots, extending back up to the Gothic and Renaissance Periods. Gothic and Renaissance pieces often carried...
The History The birth of Video Installation Art, a combination of video technology and Installation Art, dates back to 1970s, the era of Video Art (1970s), which relied on motion pictures. Video Art, a tangent of Contemporary Art, comprises of video and/or audio data. Video Art is named after the video tape, as it was commonly used then. Now however, CD-ROMs, Hard Disks, and DVDs have replaced the video tapes. Korean-American artist Nam June Paik (1932-2006) was the pioneer of Video Installation Art. He used various television monitors in arranging sculptures, and went on to work with video walls & projectors, to create large imperial environment. Video Installation Art exploits all the...
Western Art - Ascii Art - Characters and Art, a...
ASCII Art - The Concept Created by the American National Standards Institute, this art form refers to the use of character codes to create art forms. ASCII is an acronym for "American Standard Code for Information Interchange." This universally acceptable character coding that is alphabet based. It is used to enable information exchange between computers. In general, the art term is used to talk about text-based art. This style of art was created basically, because printers in early days did not have the ability to print graphics. The Details Every character has its own individual hexadecimal and binary number under ASCII. The coding scheme is such that it allots a numeric value to numbers...
Western Art - Art Periods and Movements - A...
Art Period - The Concept An art period is a continuous phase of time (months to years) when artists (individual/group) share common ideas, beliefs, and produce works, alike in style or technique. Art Periods - Phaseso Medieval Art (200c-1430c) - Spanning over 1000 years, initially, the Medieval Art styles and subjects were limited. With time however, the patterns and themes diversified enormously. Roman traditions, Church, and secular subjects dominated the era. Accordingly, the Medieval Art Period is divided into different eras and movements, such as Celtic, Early Christian, Romanesque, Gothic, and Byzantine to name some.o Renaissance Art (1300-1602) - European Renaissance Art Period represented a...
Western Art - Neo-Romanticism - A Tale of Mixed...
Neo-Romanticism - The Concept & the History Neo-Romanticism cannot be categorized as a specific art movement belonging to a certain period. Continuing, it is still used widely to cover various styles until date. Neo-Romanticism was first observed in Europe, around 1880s, in response to Naturalism. It rejected the ugliness of the modern world, giving way to an art style that refuted reality and embraced fantasy. Around 1910, Neo-Romanticism had faded from most parts of Europe, but re-emerged in Britain during late 1930s. In the Depression Era, with a war like atmosphere, many British artists found solace in the pleasant and quixotic prowess of Neo-Romanticism. The art form also inspired some then...