Albrecht Durer - A Northern Renaissance Phenomenon in Painting, Woodcarving, and Copper Engraving

Albrecht Durer, a German painter, theorist, andof seventeen designs on the "Life of the Virgin
printmaker, was recognized as one of the most(1503-1505)." Albrecht Durer also started
important contributors of Renaissance in Northernexperimenting with copper engravings. These
Europe. His paintings depict his scrupulous attentionworks are themed around Madonna, religious
to detail. He was born on May 21, 1471, infigures, and commoners. His famous works of
Nuremberg. His father was a goldsmith fromcopper engravings span from "The Sea Monster
Hungary, who immigrated to Germany in 1455.(1498)," "Saint Eustace (1501)," to "Nemesis
Albrecht Durer became an apprentice under his(1502)."
father and learnt from him goldsmithing and theDuring 1505-1507, Durer again visited Italy and
fundamentals of drawing. Later, due to his prolificstarted using his paint on linen. While in Italy, the
talent in drawing, Albrecht was trained underartist created famous altarpieces, such as
Michael Wolgemut at the age of 15 in 1486. While"Paumgartner" and "the Adoration of the Magi."
working under him, Durer nurtured his knowledgeAfter returning to Nuremberg in mid 1507, he
by learning woodcarving and copper engraving.created other famous paintings, such as "Adam
The earliest work by the artist was in 1484, aand Eve (1507)" and "Virgin with the Iris (1508)."
self-portrait, "When I was a Child," in silverpoint.From 1512, Maximilian I, the Roman Emperor,
As per Germany's apprentice training custom,started giving regular work to the artist. Later,
'Wanderjahre,' Albrecht left for North Europe inDurer created three of his masterpieces, "Knight,
1940 and travelled through Basel & Colmar inDeath, and the Devil (1513)," "Saint Jerome in his
1492, Strassbourg in 1493, to return toStudy (1514)," and "Melencolia I (1514)." These
Nuremburg on July 7, 1494. On July 9, 1494,three engravings portrayed 'Northern Renaissance'
Albrecht was married to Agnes Frey, theand showed the three activities of human life.
daughter of a local businessperson. Within a"Knight, Death, and the Devil" emphasize the
quarter of his marriage, the artist alone venturedethical, "Melencolia" depicts the logical, while
out to explore Italy. While travelling through Alps,"St.Jerome," the introspective part of life. His
the artist gave some of the first landscapeother masterpiece was "Durer's Rhinoceros
paintings to Western Art, "Nemesis" being one of(1515)," a magnificent woodcarving that attained
those. Albrecht's paintings demonstrated thetremendous fame all across Europe. The Emperor
influence of Italian painters, such as Antoniodied in 1519. In 1520, Durer travelled to the
Pollaiuolo and Lorenzo di Credi. He regardedvarious parts of The Netherlands to return to
Giovanni Bellini, the great Italian artist, as hisNuremberg in July 1521, after being diagnosed for
mentor.a hampering illness.
After his return to Nuremberg in 1495, the artistDue to his ill health, the artist emphasized more
started his workshop, where he ventured intoon religious elements in his paintings like the
woodcarving and would carry out the tedious"Crucifixion of Christ." In 1525, a couple of his
form of printmaking effortlessly. The severalbooks, "The Four Books on Measurement" were
wooden carvings he created depict religiouspublished at Nuremberg. He died on April 6, 1528,
influences, as in his masterpiece, "Apocalypseat the age of 56. His famous workshop is now a
(1498)." Albrecht created sixteen designs of thismuseum. Albrecht Durer was a great artist of
work, famous among them is "The Four'Northern Renaissance,' a fact manifested in his
Horsemen of the Apocalypse (1497-98)." Thehuge following. He was an all-encompassing genius
series brought instant recognition to Albrecht,in painting, wooden printmaking, and copper
including from his European contemporaries. Hisengraving. He has quoted, "If a man devotes
other famous woodcarvings include a series ofhimself to art, much evil is avoided that happens
eleven designs on the "Holy Family" and a seriesotherwise if one is idle.