Interview with Stock Photographer Tom Grill

John: I bet you have more experience in stockdevoting any of your production to RM?
photography than any other photographer alive. Tom: I do a little RM work because of an old
You are a founder of Comstock, A founder ofcontract I have, but left to my own devices, I
Blend Images, the founder and owner of Tetrawould shoot none at all.  My alternate strategy is
Images.  You have also been truly generous withto shoot an RM quality image for RF.  This keeps
your knowledge and have spoken tomy RF RPI very high and cuts out any of the
photographers countless times sharing yourcompetition I would have from micro. 
wealth of experience. As for occasionally making what I call a
You are not just the most experienced stock“lotto” sale through an RM buyout, I make
shooter ever; you are also one of the mostthose anyway.  Every year I receive several
successful and an innovator as well. Over therequests to for buyouts of one of my RF
years I have also been impressed with yourimages.  I won’t agree to the sale unless the
thorough and methodical approach to everythingagency moves the image over to RM and gives
from cameras to sales data to shootingme an RM royalty rate. 
approach. John: For someone just starting out in stock
I know of no one else who has as broad andwould you recommend trying to get contracts
thorough knowledge of the stock photographywith Getty, Corbis and the like…or to move in
business.  I am truly honored to have thisthrough Micro…or some other approach?  If it is
opportunity to interview you.important to get a contract with a major agency,
Can you share with us some of your experienceany advice for how to accomplish that?
and how that experience might give you someTom: I am constantly training new photographers
unique insights into the business of stock?and always urge them to have several agencies
Tom: Probably the most important aspect of myas outlets for their work.  Today I am
experience is that I am a stock photographerrecommending they get a large agency (Getty,
who has also spent most of his career on theCorbis, etc.) contract, a contract with aggregator
stock agency side.  So I have an agencyagency like Blend or Tetra, or preferably both. 
perspective of the stock business to share asFinally, I suggest that they develop a portfolio of
seen from a photographer’s point of view.6-10 micro agencies.  Micro will probably be more
John: The world of stock has changed almostimportant in the future than it is now so they
incomprehensibly since you first began shooting. should have a toe hold.
What do you view to be the most significantAll this is aimed at augmenting their situational RPI
changes and their impact on us all?as I’ve outlined above.
Tom: The two most dramatic shifts in the stockJohn: Do you see direct sales by photographers
business came from an opening up of the clientbecoming an increasingly important piece of the
base due to technological advances.  The firstpuzzle…say through Google Image search or the
was the advent of making duplicatelike?
transparencies and catalog marketing.  TheTom: It takes a lot of money and effort to begin
second, and more recent, was the advent ofand maintain this type of marketing. 
internet marketing.  With each of these changesPhotographers will have to ask themselves if that
there was a huge jump in the customer base. same time and effort might not provide a better
This was also caused through the increase in thereturn by increasing the agency outlets they
use of color imagery in advertising, which wasalready have.
brought about by lower printing costs and finallyJohn: I have always known you as someone who
internet marketing itself.has traditionally “found the holes” in stock
Both of these changes increased the demand forcollections and set about filling those holes.  Are
commercial stock images, but the supplythere any holes left, and if so, how does one go
eventually out-paced the demand as theabout finding them?
advancing technology in cameras made it easierTom: Holes are constantly coming into existence
to take photographs.as styles change.  So images might exist on a
John: Micro Stock and crowd sourcing are the bigspecific topic, but the style of imagery might be
buzzwords right now.  Can you give us yourout of date.  That presents an opportunity to
insights into Micro stock and its long-termrefill a hole brought into existence through
implications?obsolescence.
Tom: Micro stock has been around long enough toJohn: What are some of the traits of a great
have established a permanent presence.  I likenstock photo?
the advent of micro stock and its impact onA great stock photo must address a specific
traditional stock as what happened when theconcept in a commercial industry.  If you can
advent of RF had on RM when it first came uponpicture who will use the photo, and what headline
the scene.  Prices of the new product werethey might apply to it, you are probably looking at
absurdly low and the new marketing models –a successful stock photo.
RF then, micro now – are laboring in an uphillJohn: What do you see as the most common
slog to raise prices.  You’d think they wouldmistake stock photographers make?
have realized from the beginning that it is alwaysTom: Shooting without a plan. 
easy to lower prices, but very difficult to raiseA photographer needs to know before picking up
them.  Anyone who would have purchased anthe camera, exactly why he or she is taking the
image for $1 would probably have purchased itphoto.
for $5 if that had been the starting price.  NowJohn: I once heard you say that whatever your
the micros are stuck in a tough task of slowlyplan is, stick to it.  Do you still feel that way?
raising their prices, which is happening across theTom: Yes, but that doesn’t mean sticking to
board. an out dated plan.  We institute an annual plan at
We tend to forget that at its initial offering, RFthe beginning of each year and hold a semi-annual
prices were about $9.95-$19 per image. modification meeting in June to fine tune the plan.
They’ve come a long way since then to aPlans are adapted to large changes in industry
point where the average returns from RF and RMconditions that have been observed to be true
are almost identical.over time.  You don’t want to change with
For micro to survive successfully it will have toevery new trend. 
raise prices substantially.  Their further successJohn: What advice would you give the aspiring
will depend upon their ability to attract a higherstock shooter, and would you give veteran
quality of material.  This means images withshooters different advice?
higher production value.  The value cannot be putTom: With declining RPI’s it’s becoming
in by photographers if they don’t receive themore difficult to earn a substantial living from
financial returns from their efforts.  It simplystock photography.  Now is a good time to
doesn’t make sense as a business model. honestly access your talents and resources
John: You have at least done some investigatoryrelative to what it will take to make a go in the
participation in Micro stock, what have you learnedtougher times ahead. 
so far and do you plan on getting further in toJohn: I know you stay up on equipment.  Can
Micro?you share with us some of your most essential
Tom: At this point in my career I don’t seeand favorite gear?
any advantage to my getting involved muchTom: That’s easy:  Nikon, Nikon, Nikon, and
further in micro.  This is not to say it is not aNikon – and by that I mean the entire Nikon
profitable arena.  It can be, if you understandprofessional system of the D3, D3x, D700, and
how to work it as an adjunct to your traditionalD300 in that order.  I own all of them. Each
work.  I have been advising new photographerscamera fills a different niche shooting area.
to make micro a part of their portfolio.  But IThe D3 is my workhorse.  It has superb quality,
advise them to be very mindful of the returns ona super fast motor at 9fps, a large image buffer
their investment as it relates to their production(45 images with the optional Nikon upgrade), and
costs.   Basically, I advise them to produceis perfect for capturing fast moving subjects.  I
quality material first for traditional.  Then, if theyhave always said that a model in motion will
have any images left over or can reproduce aalways outsell a static model.  The D3 enables
shoot script in a cheaper way, they can put intome to keep the model in constant motion and
micro.  This way they can actually increase theircapture very spontaneous moments in motion
over all RPI, which leads us to the nextthat would have been lost to a camera with a
question… .slower motor and lesser focusing system.  The
John: I know in the past you have been a bigD3 has increased the number of takes I get from
proponent of tracking RPI.  Is that still the case,a shoot and has probably paid for itself right
and if so, can you share your thinking on that?there.
Tom: Keeping track of RPI is more importantThe D3x with its 24mp sensor is what I use for
now than ever as a guide line to a successfulscenic and still life.  Once I saw how good the
career in stock photography.  RPI’s haveD3x was, I sold my medium format Hasselblad. 
been in a free fall over the past two years.  IThat more than paid for the D3x.
doubt that this will reverse itself anytime soon ifThe D700 has the same sensor as the D3 but in
at all.  Photographers are going to have to learna much smaller body.  I use it for travel
how to build their business models on lower RPIphotography when I don’t want to carry a
numbers.  I briefly touched on one such strategylarge camera with me.  You can also attach an
above.  I call it working towards a “situationalinexpensive auxiliary battery and motor on the
RPI”. D700 that boosts its speed to 8fps.  That
We tend to put a lot of work into themakes it a good, less expensive backup to your
pre-production planning of our shoots.  We alsoD3.
tend to produce to the same or similar scriptsThe D300 is the same body as the D700 but has
over time.  If we have a good stock script, wethe smaller dx sensor.  It also takes the same
might want to shoot it two or three times usingauxiliary motor as the D700.  The dx image
different models, props, locations, etc.  In themultiple factor of 1.5x makes it a good choice for
first shoot, we use the best of everything andanimal photography.  Your standard 300mm lens
submit it to the traditional agency where we getbecomes a 450mm and the 8fps is more than
the highest RPI.  The second time we produceenough to capture any moving action.
the script a little more economically.  This time itThe thing I like best about Nikon is that its
goes to an agency where our RPI is solid, but lesscameras work as a well thought out system
that our top agency.  Finally, we shoot the same– each addressing a separate need.  I shoot
script very cheaply, maybe using friends as aa very wide variety of subjects.  Additionally,
source of free models, etc.  This time it goes toNikon has wisely made all of these cameras
a group of 6-10 micro agencies.operate in similar fashion with similar controls.  So
Let us say for the sake of our example that ourit’s very easy to switch between them.  As
RPI with the top agency is $10 per month, $5 pera result, I use all four Nikons along with one
month at the second agency, and $2.50 with thesuperb set of Nikon lenses.
micros.  That means the shooting the sameJohn: Any other thoughts, advice or observations
script three times with decreasing expenses eachyou would like to leave us with?
time,  gives it a “situational RPI” ofTom: Follow the old stock market adage of
$17.50 per month for very little more effort andgetting out when the market is high and jumping
expense.in when the market is low.  NOW – in this
John: I am hearing a lot of buzz about thetime of severe economic downturn -- is the time
resurgence of Rights Managed Stock.  Do youto buy stocks in the stock market as well as
think there really is resurgence?  Are youpour images into the stock photo market.