Western Painting - Action Painting - An American Abstract Art Form

Action Painting - The Concept and Historyquite experimental and revolutionary, ranging from
Action Painting is a form of Abstract Art fromkitchen knives to bicycles!
the United States that came into existenceThe Details
around the 1940s. Also referred to as 'GesturalPollock is said to have employed a highly
Abstraction,' the style relies heavily on theunorthodox method of using his 'painting' tools on
unencumbered movement of a wide range ofa canvas cloth mounted on the floor. He used his
colors, on the base. There are various ways tohands and wrists, sometimes even his whole body
achieve it - by dripping, by staining, by overlaying,to apply the paint, rejecting all the conventions of
or by splashing colors on the canvas to produceusing the traditional brush and easel. However, the
an effect of 'spontaneity.' art critic Haroldfunction of brush was not totally done away with,
Rosenberg coined the term 'Action Painting' toby all the painters of this genre. Brushwork in
describe the newly developed style of the leadingAction Paintings, set in oil paint medium, was
Abstract Expressionists Jackson Pollock (Americanusually bold and vigorous. The artists did not wipe
- 1912-56) and Willem De Kooning (Dutch -the excess paint on the bristles before applying
1904-97). The two went on to become thethe brush on the base surface, which gave the
torchbearers of Action Painting.finished works, a smeared and raw look. This
The Correlationsnatural appeal became the most distinguishing trait
It is believed that the Action Painters drew theirof Action Painting.
inspiration from an unconventional approach of theThe Artists and the Artworks
Surrealists of 1920s and 1930s, known asDuring its two decade-long tenure, among the
'Automatism.' It involved the free expression ofmost significant names that associated with
artistic brainwaves through the involuntary handAction Painting, were Franz Kline (1910-62), Robert
movements of the painter, over the canvas. TheMotherwell (1915-91), Philip Guston (1913-80), Sam
underlying philosophy of 'Automatism' was anFrancis (1923-94), and Helen Frankenthaler (born
attempt to establish a psychic connection with the1928). Jackson Pollock's 'Painting (Silver over Black,
viewer. On the similar lines, the proponents ofWhite, Yellow, and Red)' & 'The Deep,' Franz
action works meant to represent their innermostKline's 'Merce C' & 'C & O,' and Sam
thoughts, in a way that awakened theFrancis' 'In Lovely Blueness,' are some of the
subconscious patterns of the viewer's fancies.signature works of this dynamic style of painting.
The tools for the execution of these works were