Western Painting - American Figurative Expressionism - An Added Edge to Expressionism

American Figurative Expressionism - The HistoryFigurative Expressionism.
Expressionism is a subjective art form, where theBased on areas and styles, this movement can be
artists distort the reality to bring out theirgraded into the following:o Early American
emotional angst. This was not a movement inFigurative (1930s-40s) - Artists, such as Max
history with a distinctive start and end, but aWeber (Polish-American 1881-1961), Milton Avery
mannerism, where sporadic creativity results,(American 1885-1965), and Edwin Dickinson
often without a pre-conceived subject or imagery.(American 1891-1978), purged various themes
During 1950s, when Abstract Expressionism wasrelated to spirituality, myth, and literature into
prevalent in America, few artists returned toEarly American Figurative Expressionism.o New
figurative imagery. This was the beginning ofYork Figurative Expressionism (1950s-65) - It was
Figurative Expressionism, when artists used theirmarked by the famous Post World War II
existing Abstract ways to add figures to theirAmerican Figurative, such as Robert Beauchamp
paintings. This movement took centre stage in the(1923-95), Elaine de Kooning (1918-89), Willem de
art history post World War II.Kooning (1904-97), Robert Goodnough (born
The Details1917), Grace Hartigan (1922-2008), Lester Johnson
Owing to its opposition to Impressionism,(born 1919), Alex Katz (born 1927), George McNeil
Expressionists worked with jarring colors to(1909-95), Jan Muller (1922-58), Jackson Pollock
create a sheer visual representation of objects.(1912-56), Fairfield Porter (1907-75), Larry Rivers
The art style varied from using thick lines to(1923-2002), and Bob Thompson (1937-66).
bringing out the shape of the object, to mergingAlthough there were vast distinctions in their
figures into the background and leaving it to thesubject and styles of expression, the general
observer to visualize the same. No attempt wastrend was towards defying rules of Abstract
ever made to create an atheistically pleasingExpressionism through a representational use of
impression. The idea was to let the painting unfoldfigures.o Boston Figurative Expressionism - Due to
itself into their heartfelt vivid emotions. Paintingextensive migration in Boston from Central
was considered an active physical activity, whichEurope post World War II, its Figurative
would result in pleasant surprises, not a meditativeExpressionist style was closer to German
process with intellectual undertaking. A typicalExpressionism. Major Boston Figurative
figurative work used bold colors to create aExpressionists included Karl Zerbe (1903-72),
2-dimensional perspective of dissolute distortedHyman Bloom (born 1913), Jack Levine (born
forms.1915), David Aronson (born 1923), and Philip
The CorrelationsGuston (1913-80), some of whom were of Jewish
Pure Abstract Expressionists did not acceptbackground. Paintings of this region carried the
Figurative, as it had the elements ofpost war anxiety.o West Coast Figurative
representational art. Similarly, Contemporary ArtExpressionism (1950-65) - It was prominent in San
considered it too Abstract for Realism. Despite allFrancisco and Bay Area. Elmer Bischoff (1916-91),
conflicts, American Figurative Expressionism is aDavid Park (1911-60), Paul Wonner (1920-2008),
distinct head in art history.and Joan Brown (1938-92) were the key players.o
The Artists and the ArtworksContemporary American Figurative Expressionism
The earliest presence of Figurative Expressionism- Miriam Beerman, Sherman Drexler, Sideo
was found in the paintings of Edward MunchFromboluti, Grace Hartigan, Robert Henry, Oliver
(Norwegian - 1863-1944) and Vincent van GoghJackson, Lester Johnson, Vera Klement, Irving
(Dutch - 1853-90). Van Gogh's 'The Starry Night'Kriesberg, Jay Milder, Nathan Oliviera, Nora
(1889), which showed his emotional angst in hisSpeyer, Selina Trieff, and Paul Wonner are still
days of confinement in a mental institution, is onecontributing to it with undiminished spirit.
of the finest examples of the then simmering